Exception urbanism and water injustice: a review on the fragmentation of sanitation infrastructures in Amazonian cities in the context of COP30
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19673526
Keywords:
saneamento básico, injustiça ambiental, abastecimento de água, drenagem urbana, Amazônia, planejamento urbanoAbstract
Objective: To critically analyze how fragmented water supply, sanitation, drainage and waste infrastructures produce water injustice in Amazonian cities, using COP30 as an institutional-pressure window over Belém. Method: Narrative review of articles published from 2016 to 2025, all with verified DOI, retrieved from PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, BVS, Cochrane and field-specific databases; institutional material on COP30 was consulted but excluded from references because it lacked academic DOI. Results: Fifteen articles were included and organized into 10 findings. The literature shows that urban vulnerability in the Amazon Delta combines flood exposure, poverty and infrastructural deficits; sanitation planning in Belém has limited capacity to induce territorially redistributive implementation; formally connected households may remain water-insecure because of intermittency, perceived quality and private coping costs; and privatization does not ensure environmental justice without distributive regulation. Conclusion: If COP30-related urban preparation concentrates visible works without integrating water supply, sewerage, waste, drainage, watershed governance and household water security, the conference tends to intensify exception urbanism; if investments are conditioned by sectoral integration, social control and intra-neighborhood indicators, it may operate as an institutional window for infrastructural repair
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